The results encourage further refinement of this model for studying loading patterns on menisci and articular cartilages as well as the resulting mechanical stress in the subchondral bone (femur and tibia). Accordingly, the simulation showed higher translocation and deformation in the lateral compared to the medial meniscus. Pressure load was overall higher in the lateral meniscus than in the medial. The FEM model was tested across a range of motion of approximately 30°. Tissue material properties were assigned based on data from human (Open knee(s) project) and bovine femoro-tibial joint available in the literature. Based on the 3D polygon models of femur, tibia, articular cartilages, menisci, collateral ligaments and the meniscotibial ligaments, an FEM model was generated.
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A series of sectional magnetic resonance images (1.5 T) of the stifle joint of a 23 year old Shetland pony gelding served as basis for image segmentation. We developed a finite element model (FEM) of the equine stifle joint to identify pressure peaks and simulate translocation and deformation of the menisci. A functional FEM model can not only help identify segments in the femoro–tibial joint which are predisposed to injury, but also provide better understanding of the progression of certain stifle disorders, simulate treatment/surgery effects and to optimize implant/transplant properties in order to most closely resemble natural tissue.
The results encourage further refinement of this FEM model for studying loading patterns on menisci and articular cartilages as well as the resulting mechanical stress in the subchondral bone. Accordingly, the simulation showed higher translocation and deformation throughout the whole range of motion in the lateral compared to the medial meniscus. Pressure load was higher overall in the lateral meniscus than in the medial meniscus. We developed a finite element model (FEM) of the equine stifle joint to identify pressure peaks and simulate translocation and deformation of the menisci at different joint angles under loading conditions. FEMg allows simulation of time dependent changes in tissues resulting from biomechanical strains. A possible alternative to animal experimentation is the use of finite element modelling (FEMg). Accordingly, there is a need to improve treatment for meniscal injuries and thus to identify appropriate translational animal models. To date no optimal treatment strategy to heal meniscal tissue is available. Meniscal tears are one of the most common soft tissue injuries in the equine stifle joint.
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